Plant Familys

	Gammalu
Vernacular Name: Sinhala: Gammalu;Eng. Indian kino tree Malabar kino tree;
Description: A medium sized to large tree, 15-30 in in height with dark brown of grey bark having shallow cracks, exfoliating in thin flakes and exuding a red gummy substance (Gum kino) on injury; leaves compound, impariprnnate, leaflets 5-7 coriaceous, oblong, obtuse, emarginated or even bibbed at apex, glabrous on both surfaces mina nervesnumerOus, prominent; flowers yellow in terminal panicles, corolla with crisped margins; fruits nearly circular, glabrous, flat winged pods, convexly curved between stipe and style, wings veined, seeds, 1-2, convex bony.
Propagation: By seeds and vegetative method.
Parts Used: Heartwood, leaves, flowers, gum.
Chemical Consistuents: l-epicatechifl. The heartwood yields liquiritigenin, isoliquintigeriifl, a neutral unidentified component, alkaloid an dresin. The wood also contains a yellow colouring matter and an essential oil and a semi-drying fixed oil. Kino contains a non-glucosidal tannin kinotannic acid. kinoin, and kino-red in addition to small quantities of catechol protocatechuic acid resin, pectin and gallic acid.
Uses: The heartwood is astringent, bitter, acrid, cooling, anti-inflammatory, unionpromoter, depurative, urinary astringent, haemostatic,reVUlsiVe, anthelmintic, constipating, anodyne, alterant and elephantiasis, inflammations, fractures, bruises, leprosy, skin diseases, leucoderma, erysipelas, urethrorrhea, diabetes, rectalgia, rectitis, ophthalmopathy, haemorrhageS, verminosis, diarrhoea, dysentery, odontalgia, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, cough, asthma, bronchitis and greyness of hairs. The. leaves are useful in boils, sores and skin diseases. The flowers are bitter, sweet, cooling, appetizing and febrifuge, and are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, anorexia and fevers. The gum is biter, styptic, vulnerary, antipyretic, anthelmintic and liver tonic. It is useful in spasmodic gastralgia, vitiated conditions of pitta, boils, gleet, urethrorrhea. odontalgia, diarrhoea, psoriasis, wounds and ulcers, helrninthiaSis, intermittent fevers, hepatopathy and ophthahnia.

Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.